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you-sls: diy laser sintering
by：QUESTT
2020-07-28
The project was not completed.
For more information, please check out my Indiegogo campaign, which is designed to fund the prototype, thanks for checking!
I started working on this project more than a year ago because since I finished the Reprap 3d printer (
I think it\'s a genius design)
, I have never been satisfied with the consistency of the print.
Sometimes they look really good, but the hot ends are blocked, and sometimes I catch the bad filaments that produce the inconsistent layers.
I also don\'t like the design constraints that have to be handled when using FDM 3D printers, and removing the support material is simply annoying.
Since then, I want to solve the problem of merging deposition modeling on affordable 3d printers.
So I started working on other processes of additive manufacturing and thought selective laser sintering was ideal for this task because the parts it produced were not designed to limit and there was no powder support material, this also eliminates the blockage problem as there is nothing else but light contact with the molten material.
The only problem is that machines that use this process are found within the price range of tens of thousands to millions of dollars.
That\'s why we\'re here because in the past year I \'ve designed a SLS 3D printer that can be built for Makerbot (
About $2000).
This is where I need help and as a student I can\'t afford the printer I designed at all.
So I launched an Indiegogo campaign that can support this project.
I hope you will forgive me for selling the design documents as I am looking for funding to build the first prototype.
Once this has been implemented, I will share all the design files and bill of materials here and hope that this project will become a project that the open source community can participate in and build.
Selective laser sintering works by scanning a laser on the surface of a thin layer of powder.
The powder particles are melted in the place of laser irradiation.
In this way, a crossroads
Create part of the model.
After the first cross
Partially completed, another thin layer of powder was deposited and another layer crossed
The part is made of laser beam sintering.
This process is repeated until the model is completed. What are the advantages of the SLS process?
Laser sintering allows you to make parts without any design limitations or without the need to support the structure because the powder supports itself.
Therefore, any degree of prominence will be perfectly constructed at unreachable resolutions.
This is a huge advantage over the machines currently popular for home services and SLA-use.
Another great advantage of SLS over other 3d printing processes is the type of printable material.
Anything that can be used as a powder, from sugar to professional grade sintering nylon, can be printed.
The strength of nylon sintering parts is also far more than anything that can be made with FDM or SLA machines.
While the process looks simple and not difficult to replicate, there are a lot of challenges when you try to make diy sls --
Printer: in order to offset the warping of the new sintering layer, the printing room must maintain a temperature of 10 degrees Celsius lower than the melting temperature
Point of sintering material.
To make this happen to you-
SLS adopt a three-way heating system: each of the two pistons will be equipped with two 300-watt heating cartridges.
In addition, two powerful optical heaters will heat the chamber.
Each of these heating systems will use independent temperature feedback to achieve precise temperature control.
Now, all of this heating power supply brings us another huge problem: the laser, the stepping motor, and the electronics are cool.
It is absolutely unacceptable to run a two-watt laser in a high temperature environment of 150 degrees Celsius.
To solve this problem, you
SLS is designed in two parts: the lower section and the carrying XY-containing two pistons and repaints-
Stage and laser diode.
To access print-
The upper part of the room is just folded.
Laser enters the building through the laser window-chamber.
In this way, the hot and cold parts of the machine are well separated.
Obviously, there will be a safety switch to prevent the laser from turning on when the system is turned on. You-
SLS will be controlled by regular trusted ramp 1.
4 boards work with regular Arduino mega.
Both prices are less than 50 euros.
If you are interested in 3d printing and may have played with delegates
Rap, there\'s no way you don\'t know the ramp.
Controlling 3D printers is the most common solution.
The firmware will also be known and good marlin firmware proven to work reliably.
However, controlling the SLS machine is more complex than controlling the FDM printer, so another Arduino that controls driving the reco will support the ramp-board.
Using commonly used parts is one of your main goals
SLS, and allows you to build your own boards without having to get a custom board or do complex programming experiments. Gantry X-Y System vs.
Many of you may want to know why. SLS uses an X-
Y gantry system for more common laser scanners.
The reason for this is that open
The hardware and software sources of Descartes robots are reasonable and widely available.
The laser scanner uses a completely different drive circuit, and the precise drive circuit is very expensive.
So I decided it would be better to stick to Descartes X-
Y system, because the software is very convenient, it allows the use of standard ramp plates, which is also common in open source printers, and the hardware is provided to all parts of the world at low cost from different suppliers.
What kind of laser will the printer use?
I need a laser-
2-watt power diode with a wavelength of 445nm (
About the kind of laser you will find in blue light. ray burner.
Is visible, is blue).
At first, it didn\'t sound like a lot of power, but given that most of the melting work has been done by a powerful heating device, the laser is only responsible for heating the powder 10 more degrees to the melting point.
Its shape is about 90 by 50 by 55 centimeters, the building piston is about 20 by 15 centimeters, and the Z is about 10 centimeters high.
This allows large parts to be printed diagonally, as well as small parts to be sprayed without the need to fill the bed with too much powder.
It has a printed envelope that is a little smaller than a normal Reprap printer.
At this stage, the design work is almost complete: all the problems have been solved.
At this stage, only small cosmetic decisions are made.
So there may be some subtle changes to the final design, but it\'s also important that everything is done.
Now it has to build a test!
I have gone through countless experiments to create and validate the design, testing many subsystems such as powder dispensers.
If I exceed my funding goal on indiegogo, this project will take a big step forward: I will order all the customized aluminum and frame parts immediately and start building, since this will take place after I finish my studies, it will be a full time program.
I will try to make my first prototype.
All cad files will be released free of charge upon completion and will eventually be fully opened-scource!
For more information, please check out my Indiegogo campaign, which is designed to fund the prototype, thanks for checking!
I started working on this project more than a year ago because since I finished the Reprap 3d printer (
I think it\'s a genius design)
, I have never been satisfied with the consistency of the print.
Sometimes they look really good, but the hot ends are blocked, and sometimes I catch the bad filaments that produce the inconsistent layers.
I also don\'t like the design constraints that have to be handled when using FDM 3D printers, and removing the support material is simply annoying.
Since then, I want to solve the problem of merging deposition modeling on affordable 3d printers.
So I started working on other processes of additive manufacturing and thought selective laser sintering was ideal for this task because the parts it produced were not designed to limit and there was no powder support material, this also eliminates the blockage problem as there is nothing else but light contact with the molten material.
The only problem is that machines that use this process are found within the price range of tens of thousands to millions of dollars.
That\'s why we\'re here because in the past year I \'ve designed a SLS 3D printer that can be built for Makerbot (
About $2000).
This is where I need help and as a student I can\'t afford the printer I designed at all.
So I launched an Indiegogo campaign that can support this project.
I hope you will forgive me for selling the design documents as I am looking for funding to build the first prototype.
Once this has been implemented, I will share all the design files and bill of materials here and hope that this project will become a project that the open source community can participate in and build.
Selective laser sintering works by scanning a laser on the surface of a thin layer of powder.
The powder particles are melted in the place of laser irradiation.
In this way, a crossroads
Create part of the model.
After the first cross
Partially completed, another thin layer of powder was deposited and another layer crossed
The part is made of laser beam sintering.
This process is repeated until the model is completed. What are the advantages of the SLS process?
Laser sintering allows you to make parts without any design limitations or without the need to support the structure because the powder supports itself.
Therefore, any degree of prominence will be perfectly constructed at unreachable resolutions.
This is a huge advantage over the machines currently popular for home services and SLA-use.
Another great advantage of SLS over other 3d printing processes is the type of printable material.
Anything that can be used as a powder, from sugar to professional grade sintering nylon, can be printed.
The strength of nylon sintering parts is also far more than anything that can be made with FDM or SLA machines.
While the process looks simple and not difficult to replicate, there are a lot of challenges when you try to make diy sls --
Printer: in order to offset the warping of the new sintering layer, the printing room must maintain a temperature of 10 degrees Celsius lower than the melting temperature
Point of sintering material.
To make this happen to you-
SLS adopt a three-way heating system: each of the two pistons will be equipped with two 300-watt heating cartridges.
In addition, two powerful optical heaters will heat the chamber.
Each of these heating systems will use independent temperature feedback to achieve precise temperature control.
Now, all of this heating power supply brings us another huge problem: the laser, the stepping motor, and the electronics are cool.
It is absolutely unacceptable to run a two-watt laser in a high temperature environment of 150 degrees Celsius.
To solve this problem, you
SLS is designed in two parts: the lower section and the carrying XY-containing two pistons and repaints-
Stage and laser diode.
To access print-
The upper part of the room is just folded.
Laser enters the building through the laser window-chamber.
In this way, the hot and cold parts of the machine are well separated.
Obviously, there will be a safety switch to prevent the laser from turning on when the system is turned on. You-
SLS will be controlled by regular trusted ramp 1.
4 boards work with regular Arduino mega.
Both prices are less than 50 euros.
If you are interested in 3d printing and may have played with delegates
Rap, there\'s no way you don\'t know the ramp.
Controlling 3D printers is the most common solution.
The firmware will also be known and good marlin firmware proven to work reliably.
However, controlling the SLS machine is more complex than controlling the FDM printer, so another Arduino that controls driving the reco will support the ramp-board.
Using commonly used parts is one of your main goals
SLS, and allows you to build your own boards without having to get a custom board or do complex programming experiments. Gantry X-Y System vs.
Many of you may want to know why. SLS uses an X-
Y gantry system for more common laser scanners.
The reason for this is that open
The hardware and software sources of Descartes robots are reasonable and widely available.
The laser scanner uses a completely different drive circuit, and the precise drive circuit is very expensive.
So I decided it would be better to stick to Descartes X-
Y system, because the software is very convenient, it allows the use of standard ramp plates, which is also common in open source printers, and the hardware is provided to all parts of the world at low cost from different suppliers.
What kind of laser will the printer use?
I need a laser-
2-watt power diode with a wavelength of 445nm (
About the kind of laser you will find in blue light. ray burner.
Is visible, is blue).
At first, it didn\'t sound like a lot of power, but given that most of the melting work has been done by a powerful heating device, the laser is only responsible for heating the powder 10 more degrees to the melting point.
Its shape is about 90 by 50 by 55 centimeters, the building piston is about 20 by 15 centimeters, and the Z is about 10 centimeters high.
This allows large parts to be printed diagonally, as well as small parts to be sprayed without the need to fill the bed with too much powder.
It has a printed envelope that is a little smaller than a normal Reprap printer.
At this stage, the design work is almost complete: all the problems have been solved.
At this stage, only small cosmetic decisions are made.
So there may be some subtle changes to the final design, but it\'s also important that everything is done.
Now it has to build a test!
I have gone through countless experiments to create and validate the design, testing many subsystems such as powder dispensers.
If I exceed my funding goal on indiegogo, this project will take a big step forward: I will order all the customized aluminum and frame parts immediately and start building, since this will take place after I finish my studies, it will be a full time program.
I will try to make my first prototype.
All cad files will be released free of charge upon completion and will eventually be fully opened-scource!
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